Research roundup: 6 cool stories we almost missed

In a fascinating exploration of medieval history, researchers have delved into the brutal assassination of Duke Bela of Masco, a figure from Hungary's past. This investigation sheds new light on the events surrounding the duke's death, using advanced forensic techniques. The saga begins in 1915 when archaeologists uncovered the skeletal remains of a young man in a Dominican monastery located on Margaret Island in Budapest. Initially believed to belong to Duke Bela, the grandson of King Bela IV, these remains were tied to a horrific assassination in 1272. Historical accounts state that the duke was murdered by a rival faction, with his remains later recovered by his relatives and interred in the monastery. Despite being lost for years, they were rediscovered in 2018. A recent study published in Forensic Science International: Genetics has confirmed the identification of these remains through a variety of innovative bioarchaeological methods. Researchers conducted genetic testing, proteomics analysis, 3D modeling, and radiocarbon dating to establish the identity of the skeleton definitively. Crucially, the study not only identifies the remains as Duke Bela's but also reconstructs the circumstances of his death. The analysis indicates that he was ambushed by three attackers—one striking from the front while the others flanked him. The duke, faced with his assailants, attempted to defend himself against a coordinated and brutal assault. The researchers suggest that the weapons used were likely a saber and a long sword, with the violence continuing even after he fell to the ground. This meticulous investigation reveals that the attack on Duke Bela was not only premeditated but also deeply personal, driven by intense emotions such as rage or hatred. The findings offer a chilling glimpse into the violent power struggles of medieval Hungary, enhancing our understanding of this historical figure and the tumultuous era he lived in.